Thursday, April 22, 2010

1950s America


Thurgood Marshall standing at the left and Charles H. Houston seated at the right.

An anti-Warren billboard following Brown.

Chief Justic Earl Warren.

An anti-Brown propaganda flier probably published by the Sovereignty Commission.

The all-white jury that acquitted the murderers of Emmet Till.

The headlines speak for themselves

Martin Luther King under arrest during the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

Booking Rosa Parks in the opening days of the boycott.

Reverend Ralph Abernathy helped Martin Luther King establish the SCLC and was its first Vice-President.

Originally members of he Arkansas National Guard prevented the integration of Central High in Little Rock.

A member of the "Little Rock Nine" suffers abuse from the flower of Southern womanhood.


President Eisenhower nationalized the Arkansas National Guard and ordered in the 101st Airborne to protect the black students attempting to integrate Central High.

Thursday, March 11, 2010


Buffalo Soldier, Dreadlock Rasta:
There was a Buffalo Soldier in the heart of America,
Stolen from Africa, brought to America,
Fighting on arrival, fighting for survival.

I mean it, when I analyze the stench -
To me it makes a lot of sense:
How the Dreadlock Rasta was the Buffalo Soldier,
And he was taken from Africa, brought to America,
Fighting on arrival, fighting for survival.

Said he was a Buffalo Soldier, Dreadlock Rasta -
Buffalo Soldier in the heart of America.

If you know your history,
Then you would know where you coming from,
Then you wouldn't have to ask me,
Who the 'eck do I think I am.

I'm just a Buffalo Soldier in the heart of America,
Stolen from Africa, brought to America,
Said he was fighting on arrival, fighting for survival;
Said he was a Buffalo Soldier win the war for America.

Dreadie, woy yoy yoy, woy yoy-yoy yoy,
Woy yoy yoy yoy, yoy yoy-yoy yoy!
Woy yoy yoy, woy yoy-yoy yoy,
Woy yoy yoy yoy, yoy yoy-yoy yoy!
Buffalo Soldier troddin' through the land, wo-ho-ooh!
Said he wanna ran, then you wanna hand,
Troddin' through the land, yea-hea, yea-ea.

Said he was a Buffalo Soldier win the war for America;
Buffalo Soldier, Dreadlock Rasta,
Fighting on arrival, fighting for survival;
Driven from the mainland to the heart of the Caribbean.

Singing, woy yoy yoy, woy yoy-yoy yoy,
Woy yoy yoy yoy, yoy yoy-yoy yoy!
Woy yoy yoy, woy yoy-yoy yoy,
Woy yoy yoy yoy, yoy yoy-yoy yoy!

Troddin' through San Juan in the arms of America;
Troddin' through Jamaica, a Buffalo Soldier# -
Fighting on arrival, fighting for survival:
Buffalo Soldier, Dreadlock Rasta.

Woy yoy yoy, woy yoy-yoy yoy,
Woy yoy yoy yoy, yoy yoy-yoy yoy!
Woy yoy yoy, woy yoy-yoy yoy,
Woy yoy yoy yoy, yoy yoy-yoy yoy!

Reconstructin and New South Study Terms

Reconstruction:
Abraham Lincoln
Andrew Johnson/Impeachment
Radical Reconstruction
Thaddeus Stevens/Charles Sumner

The 13th Amendment: Abolition of “Unfree” Labor
The 14th Amendment: Citizenship and “Due Process”
The 15th Amendment: Voting rights


Causes for the end of Reconstruction
Panic of 1873
Grantism & federal corruption
Time and the passing of the “Radical” Republicans
Consistent and widespread violence across the South
(The Klan as an example)

Compromise of 1877 and the “official” end of Reconstruction
LA, SC, & FL “Unredeemed”
Rutherford B. Hayes/GOP
Samuel Tilden/Demos
Federal troops out of the South
Federal funds for infrastructure improvements in the South

Populists
Farmers Alliance

The New South “Creed”:
Reverence for the Southern Past but Look to the Future
“Moonlight and Magnolias
Boosterism, Northern Capital and the Industrialization of the South
Railroads, Mining, Lumber, and Textiles
Northern Colonialism & “Extractive Wealth”
Complete Rejoining of the South in the Union
Spanish American War as Example
Exclusively Southern Solution to Race Question
Southern “Experience” with Blacks and “Hands Off” to the North

Disfranchisement of Black Citizens
Rewriting of State Constitutions (MS was the 1st in 1890)
Poll Taxes
“Comprehension” or Literacy Tests
Grandfather Clauses

Jim Crow Laws—social, legal, political, economic, cultural, (physical, in some cases) separation
Segregation and Apartheid

Williams v. Mississippi—Exclusionary Tactics like Comprehension Clauses were Constitutional
Plessy v. Ferguson—“Separate but Equal” schools, facilities, etc. were Constitutional

Booker T. Washington
(Frederick Douglass’s “self help”)
Tuskegee Institute
Atlanta Compromise
Economic advancement over social & political equality
Vocational/Technical Education

W.E.B. Du Bois
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
Harlem Renaissance/”Talented Tenth”

Wednesday, February 17, 2010

New Reserved Reading & Study Guides

There is a new reserved reading (4A) at the Circulation Desk at PRCC's Library in Poplarville. It is not available online (sorry, MS Lumpkin & Guidry).
There are hard copies of the Exam I Study Guide in envelopes stapled to my bulletin board next to my office in Seal Hall.

Midterm Exam I Study Guide

Mr. Walsh
Survey of African American History
Mid-Term Exam I Study Guide
Spring 10

Structure of the Exam:
40 Multiple Choice & True/False (1 point each) 40 points
(Bring a Scantron sheet and pencil for this section)
15 Fill-in-the-blank (2 points each) 30 points
(Bring a pen for this section)
1 Essay Question (30 points) +30 points
(You will NOT need a Blue Book for this section) 100 points total

Sections Covered: (Chapters one thru eleven in From Slavery to Freedom)
African Origins
The Middle Passage and Caribbean Slave Society
Colonial Slavery
American Revolution
The Federal Period and the Growth of the Cotton Kingdom
Expansion & Slavery
Slave Society and Slave Resistance
Sectionalism and the Coming Conflict
Civil War


Fill-in-the-Blank Word Bank: This word bank will NOT appear on the exam itself. Instead, it will appear in your memory after careful study, preparation, organization, and time management. (2 pts each)
Nat Turner Bleeding Kansas Sojourner Truth Touissaint-L’Oeverture
Frederick Douglass John Brown 1619 in Jamestown Eli Whitney
“Maroon” communities U.B. Philips Middle Passage Society of Friends
Harriet Tubman Crispus Attucks 3/5 Compromise Lord Dunmore (& his Proclamation)
Indentured Servitude Stono Rebellion Richard Allen & the AME Long & Short Staple Cotton
Timbuktu Confiscation Act of 1861 Columbian Exchange Everyday Forms of Resistance
Fugitive Slave Law 54th Massachusetts & Glory Battle of New Orleans Internal Slave Trade
William Lloyd Garrison John Fairfield & the Underground Railroad


Essay Questions: I will select ONE question from the two below for your particular version of the exam; you will answer ONE. To ensure success, you will need to prepare answers for both. You will not need a Blue Book. (30 pts)

1.)Compare, contrast and describe the various “styles” of slavery that developed in the Deep South (SC, GA, AL, MS), the Upper South (MD, VA, NC) the Mid-Atlantic states (PA, NJ, NY), and finally New England (MA, CN, NH) from the establishment of the various colonies until the outbreak of the Civil War. What was daily life like for slaves in each area. Contrast “household” to “field” slavery, where was each prevalent? What other forms of labor did slaves provide? Did slaves ever “earn” a “wage”? Where and how? Where and how did blacks (slave and free) come into contact with Christianity? Which denominations? Why?

2.)What were the large and complex dynamics that drove the country to war in 1861? Arguably, when did these “sectional” differences begin? What role did the expansion of the “cotton kingdom” play? How central was the role slavery played in the conflict? What contributions did slaves themselves make to the issue of the war? In what ways did African Americans participate in the war effort—on both sides? How did slavery (and democracy), war (and sacrifice) change Abraham Lincoln’s view of the war? How was this change reflected in Lincoln’s rhetoric during the war itself?