Thurgood Marshall standing at the left and Charles H. Houston seated at the right. An anti-Warren billboard following Brown. Chief Justic Earl Warren. An anti-Brown propaganda flier probably published by the Sovereignty Commission. The all-white jury that acquitted the murderers of Emmet Till. The headlines speak for themselves Martin Luther King under arrest during the Montgomery Bus Boycott. Booking Rosa Parks in the opening days of the boycott. Reverend Ralph Abernathy helped Martin Luther King establish the SCLC and was its first Vice-President. Originally members of he Arkansas National Guard prevented the integration of Central High in Little Rock. A member of the "Little Rock Nine" suffers abuse from the flower of Southern womanhood. President Eisenhower nationalized the Arkansas National Guard and ordered in the 101st Airborne to protect the black students attempting to integrate Central High.
Buffalo Soldier, Dreadlock Rasta: There was a Buffalo Soldier in the heart of America, Stolen from Africa, brought to America, Fighting on arrival, fighting for survival.
I mean it, when I analyze the stench - To me it makes a lot of sense: How the Dreadlock Rasta was the Buffalo Soldier, And he was taken from Africa, brought to America, Fighting on arrival, fighting for survival.
Said he was a Buffalo Soldier, Dreadlock Rasta - Buffalo Soldier in the heart of America.
If you know your history, Then you would know where you coming from, Then you wouldn't have to ask me, Who the 'eck do I think I am.
I'm just a Buffalo Soldier in the heart of America, Stolen from Africa, brought to America, Said he was fighting on arrival, fighting for survival; Said he was a Buffalo Soldier win the war for America.
Dreadie, woy yoy yoy, woy yoy-yoy yoy, Woy yoy yoy yoy, yoy yoy-yoy yoy! Woy yoy yoy, woy yoy-yoy yoy, Woy yoy yoy yoy, yoy yoy-yoy yoy! Buffalo Soldier troddin' through the land, wo-ho-ooh! Said he wanna ran, then you wanna hand, Troddin' through the land, yea-hea, yea-ea.
Said he was a Buffalo Soldier win the war for America; Buffalo Soldier, Dreadlock Rasta, Fighting on arrival, fighting for survival; Driven from the mainland to the heart of the Caribbean.
Troddin' through San Juan in the arms of America; Troddin' through Jamaica, a Buffalo Soldier# - Fighting on arrival, fighting for survival: Buffalo Soldier, Dreadlock Rasta.
Reconstruction: Abraham Lincoln Andrew Johnson/Impeachment Radical Reconstruction Thaddeus Stevens/Charles Sumner
The 13th Amendment: Abolition of “Unfree” Labor The 14th Amendment: Citizenship and “Due Process” The 15th Amendment: Voting rights
Causes for the end of Reconstruction Panic of 1873 Grantism & federal corruption Time and the passing of the “Radical” Republicans Consistent and widespread violence across the South (The Klan as an example)
Compromise of 1877 and the “official” end of Reconstruction LA, SC, & FL “Unredeemed” Rutherford B. Hayes/GOP Samuel Tilden/Demos Federal troops out of the South Federal funds for infrastructure improvements in the South
Populists Farmers Alliance
The New South “Creed”: Reverence for the Southern Past but Look to the Future “Moonlight and Magnolias Boosterism, Northern Capital and the Industrialization of the South Railroads, Mining, Lumber, and Textiles Northern Colonialism & “Extractive Wealth” Complete Rejoining of the South in the Union Spanish American War as Example Exclusively Southern Solution to Race Question Southern “Experience” with Blacks and “Hands Off” to the North
Disfranchisement of Black Citizens Rewriting of State Constitutions (MS was the 1st in 1890) Poll Taxes “Comprehension” or Literacy Tests Grandfather Clauses
Jim Crow Laws—social, legal, political, economic, cultural, (physical, in some cases) separation Segregation and Apartheid
Williams v. Mississippi—Exclusionary Tactics like Comprehension Clauses were Constitutional Plessy v. Ferguson—“Separate but Equal” schools, facilities, etc. were Constitutional
Booker T. Washington (Frederick Douglass’s “self help”) Tuskegee Institute Atlanta Compromise Economic advancement over social & political equality Vocational/Technical Education
W.E.B. Du Bois National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Harlem Renaissance/”Talented Tenth”
There is a new reserved reading (4A) at the Circulation Desk at PRCC's Library in Poplarville. It is not available online (sorry, MS Lumpkin & Guidry). There are hard copies of the Exam I Study Guide in envelopes stapled to my bulletin board next to my office in Seal Hall.
Mr. Walsh Survey of African American History Mid-Term Exam I Study Guide Spring 10
Structure of the Exam: 40 Multiple Choice & True/False (1 point each) 40 points (Bring a Scantron sheet and pencil for this section) 15 Fill-in-the-blank (2 points each) 30 points (Bring a pen for this section) 1 Essay Question (30 points) +30 points (You will NOT need a Blue Book for this section) 100 points total
Sections Covered: (Chapters one thru eleven in From Slavery to Freedom) African Origins The Middle Passage and Caribbean Slave Society Colonial Slavery American Revolution The Federal Period and the Growth of the Cotton Kingdom Expansion & Slavery Slave Society and Slave Resistance Sectionalism and the Coming Conflict Civil War
Fill-in-the-Blank Word Bank: This word bank will NOT appear on the exam itself. Instead, it will appear in your memory after careful study, preparation, organization, and time management. (2 pts each) Nat Turner Bleeding Kansas Sojourner Truth Touissaint-L’Oeverture Frederick Douglass John Brown 1619 in Jamestown Eli Whitney “Maroon” communities U.B. Philips Middle Passage Society of Friends Harriet Tubman Crispus Attucks 3/5 Compromise Lord Dunmore (& his Proclamation) Indentured Servitude Stono Rebellion Richard Allen & the AME Long & Short Staple Cotton Timbuktu Confiscation Act of 1861 Columbian Exchange Everyday Forms of Resistance Fugitive Slave Law 54th Massachusetts & Glory Battle of New Orleans Internal Slave Trade William Lloyd Garrison John Fairfield & the Underground Railroad
Essay Questions: I will select ONE question from the two below for your particular version of the exam; you will answer ONE. To ensure success, you will need to prepare answers for both. You will not need a Blue Book. (30 pts)
1.)Compare, contrast and describe the various “styles” of slavery that developed in the Deep South (SC, GA, AL, MS), the Upper South (MD, VA, NC) the Mid-Atlantic states (PA, NJ, NY), and finally New England (MA, CN, NH) from the establishment of the various colonies until the outbreak of the Civil War. What was daily life like for slaves in each area. Contrast “household” to “field” slavery, where was each prevalent? What other forms of labor did slaves provide? Did slaves ever “earn” a “wage”? Where and how? Where and how did blacks (slave and free) come into contact with Christianity? Which denominations? Why?
2.)What were the large and complex dynamics that drove the country to war in 1861? Arguably, when did these “sectional” differences begin? What role did the expansion of the “cotton kingdom” play? How central was the role slavery played in the conflict? What contributions did slaves themselves make to the issue of the war? In what ways did African Americans participate in the war effort—on both sides? How did slavery (and democracy), war (and sacrifice) change Abraham Lincoln’s view of the war? How was this change reflected in Lincoln’s rhetoric during the war itself?